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    OpenPayerBilling CodesInpatient Neonatal and Pediatric Critical CareCPT cpt-99472-inpatient-follow-up-critically-ill-infant-young-child
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    CPT 99472: Follow-Up Critical Care for Critically Ill Infant or Young Child

    Medicare pays $359 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 99472 describes follow-up care provided by a clinician for a critically ill infant or young child aged 29 days through 24 months in an inpatient setting, representing continued critical care management and evaluation after the initial stabilization; the service type is follow-up critical care for a hospitalized infant/young child and includes ongoing assessment, management decisions, and coordination of care during the inpatient stay.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Ambulance and Medical Transport Services (Ground, Air and Water) Corporate Medical Policy, Emergency Air/Water Ambulance Services Medical Guideline, Non-Emergent Ambulance Services.

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A typical patient is a critically ill infant aged 29 days to 24 months admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with respiratory failure due to bronchiolitis complicated by hypoxemia and apnea. The attending pediatric intensivist performs daily follow-up assessments, documents cardiorespiratory status, ventilator settings, vasoactive medication titration, feeding/TPN plans, and goals of care, and coordinates multidisciplinary rounds with neonatology/pediatric hospital medicine, respiratory therapy, and nursing. The workflow includes review of overnight events, focused physical exam, interpretation of bedside monitors and ventilator data, adjustment of life-sustaining therapies, documentation of clinical decision-making and changes in the plan of care, and communication with the family. The service is provided in an inpatient setting (PICU or pediatric step-down unit) and billed when the provider performs ongoing daily critical care follow-up for the specified age group as defined by 99472.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    99468Initial inpatient neonatal critically ill infant care, per day, for infants younger than 28 days of agePerformed when critically ill care begins in the neonatal period prior to the 99472 age range; used for younger infants
    99469Initial inpatient critically ill infant/young child, per day, 29 days through 24 months of ageUsed for the initial day of critical care; 99472 is for follow-up days
    99471Critical care, evaluation and management of the critically ill or critically injured infant or young child, 24 to 36 months of age; initialRelated age-based critical care codes for nearby age ranges
    99291Critical care, evaluation and management of the critically ill or critically injured patient; first 30-74 minutesMay be used for non-age–specific critical care time-based reporting in older pediatric patients or adult settings when applicable
    99473Initial inpatient pediatric ventilator management assessmentPerformed when initial ventilator management is performed; often precedes or accompanies daily critical care follow-up
    99474Subsequent inpatient pediatric ventilator management, per dayDaily ventilator management often occurs alongside 99472 follow-up in ventilated infants

    Related Modifiers

    9 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    25CPT modifier 25 indicates that on the same day as another procedure or service, the same physician or other qualified health care professional provided a significant, separately identifiable…- When to apply: Use modifier 25 only on an E/M code to indicate the same provider delivered a significant, separately identifiable E/M service on the same day as another procedure or service — i.e.,…
    59Modifier 59 indicates a distinct procedural service when two procedures that are not normally billed together are clinically and procedurally separate. The CPT definition (as reiterated by CMS)…- Use modifier -59 to report a distinct procedural service when documentation supports that the procedure reported is not normally billed together with another service on the same day because of a…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…
    95Modifier 95 indicates that a service was provided via synchronous, real‑time audio‑video telehealth rather than in‑person. Per CMS, AAPC and professional associations, append modifier 95 to claim…- Use modifier 95 to indicate a service was furnished via synchronous, real‑time audiovisual telehealth (a live audio‑video conference between patient and provider) rather than in‑person. - Pair…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    24Modifier 24 denotes an unrelated evaluation and management (E/M) service performed by the same physician or qualified healthcare professional during a postoperative global period. Per CPT guidance,…- Use modifier 24 when you report an evaluation and management (E/M) service performed by the same physician or same-specialty group during a procedure’s postoperative global period that is unrelated…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…
    22Modifier –22 (Increased Procedural Services) is used when a reported procedure is substantially more extensive than normally required. The CPT Manual and CMS state it may be appended only when the…- When to use: Append modifier -22 to a procedural CPT code when the service performed is substantially more extensive than the usual service described by that code — i.e., the procedure required…

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    208000000X
    207R00000X
    207V00000X
    207L00000X
    283XC2000X
    156FX1700X
    174400000X
    170100000X

    Related ICD-10-CM Codes

    26 rows

    ICD-10-CM CodeDescription
    A41.9Sepsis, unspecified organism
    A49.9Bacterial infection, unspecified
    E86.0Dehydration
    E87.1Hypo-osmolality and hyponatremia
    G80.9Cerebral palsy, unspecified
    G93.49Other encephalopathy
    I46.9Cardiac arrest, cause unspecified
    J18.9Pneumonia, unspecified organism
    J80Acute respiratory distress syndrome
    J95.821Acute postprocedural respiratory failure

    Showing 1–10 of 26

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Emergency & Medical Transportation1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Ambulance and Medical Transport Services (Ground, Air and Water) Corporate Medical Policybcbsvermont2026-10-01
    Emergency Air/Water Ambulance Services Medical GuidelineWPS Health Insurance2026-10-01
    Non-Emergent Ambulance ServicesConnectiCare2026-09-11
    Fixed Wing Air Ambulance TransportCigna2026-08-15
    Air AmbulanceAmbetter Georgia2026-08-01
    Ambulance Services (for New Mexico Only)UnitedHealthcare2026-08-01
    Ambulance Services (for Tennessee Only)UnitedHealthcare2026-08-01
    Clinical Policy: Air AmbulanceAmbetter Nevada2026-08-01
    Air AmbulanceCentene2026-08-01
    Clinical Policy: Air AmbulanceArizona Complete Health2026-08-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-99468-INITIAL-NEONATAL-CRITICAL-CARE-EVALUATION

    CPT 99468: Initial Neonatal Critical Care Evaluation

    CPT-99469-SUBSEQUENT-NEONATAL-CRITICAL-CARE-EM-VM

    CPT 99469: Subsequent Neonatal Critical Care, <28 Days

    CPT-99471-CRITICAL-CARE-INFANT-INPATIENT-INITIAL-EVALUATION

    CPT 99471: Initial Critical Care for Infant 29 Days–24 Months

    CPT-99475-INITIAL-CRITICAL-CARE-CHILD-2-TO-5-INPATIENT

    CPT 99475: Initial Evaluation and Management of Critically Ill Child (2–5 yrs)

    CPT-99476-PEDIATRIC-CRITICAL-CARE-FOLLOW-UP-INPATIENT

    CPT 99476: Follow-up Care for Critically Ill Child, Age 2–5 Years

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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