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    v1.0.30
    OpenPayerBilling CodesOther Noninvasive Vascular Diagnostic StudiesCPT cpt-93998-unlisted-noninvasive-vascular-diagnostic-procedure
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    CPT 93998: Unlisted Noninvasive Vascular Diagnostic Procedure

    CPT code 93998 is used to report an unlisted noninvasive vascular diagnostic procedure when a specific CPT code does not describe the service; it typically represents vascular duplex or other noninvasive vascular testing performed in an outpatient clinic, vascular laboratory, or hospital outpatient setting and is billed when documentation describes the procedure and findings in detail for claims processing and clinical records.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Automated Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring for Diagnosis of Hypertension in Patients with Elevated Office Blood Pressure, Cardiology - Ivabradine, Cardiac Computed Tomography (CCT)/Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography (CCTA).

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A 68-year-old male with a history of peripheral artery disease, intermittent claudication, and poorly controlled diabetes presents to the vascular laboratory for noninvasive vascular testing to evaluate lower-extremity arterial perfusion. The ordering provider requests diagnostic evaluation after abnormal pulse exam and an ankle-brachial index that is borderline. The vascular technologist obtains a focused history, performs segmental pressures and Doppler waveforms, and completes duplex imaging of the femoral-popliteal segments. The study includes interpretation by a vascular medicine specialist and a written report placed in the medical record. When the specific noninvasive test performed does not have an assigned CPT code or is a unique combination of noninvasive vascular procedures, 93998 is used to report the service.

    Typical site of service: outpatient vascular laboratory, hospital-based vascular lab, or ambulatory surgery center. Typical workflow: order entry by clinician → scheduling in vascular lab → patient arrival and consent → technologist-performed noninvasive vascular testing → physician interpretation and report generation → billing using 93998 when no specific CPT exists for the exact procedure performed.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    93922Limited bilateral noninvasive physiologic studies of upper or lower extremity arteries; including ankle/brachial indices when limitedCommonly performed alongside 93998 when a limited physiologic arterial study is indicated; may be used when specific segments are measured.
    93923Complete bilateral noninvasive physiologic studies of upper or lower extremity arteries; includes ankle/brachial indicesUsed for full physiologic arterial assessment; 93998 is used only when the performed service lacks a specific code.
    93925Duplex scan of lower extremity arteries, single segment, real-time with image documentationPerformed when an anatomic duplex image is obtained for a specific arterial segment; 93998 used when the exact combination of duplex and physiologic testing lacks a specific code.
    93970Duplex scan of extremity veins (nonlaboratory) complete bilateral studyVenous duplex studies are often performed in the same vascular lab visit; 93998 would be used for unusual or uncoded noninvasive vascular procedures.
    76937Ultrasound guidance for vascular accessMay be performed before invasive vascular procedures that follow diagnostic noninvasive testing documented by 93998.

    Related Modifiers

    10 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    22Modifier –22 (Increased Procedural Services) is used when a reported procedure is substantially more extensive than normally required. The CPT Manual and CMS state it may be appended only when the…- When to use: Append modifier -22 to a procedural CPT code when the service performed is substantially more extensive than the usual service described by that code — i.e., the procedure required…
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    54Modifier ‑54 (“Surgical care only”) is appended to a CPT surgical procedure when the reporting surgeon performs the intraoperative (surgical) component but does not furnish the preoperative and/or…- Use modifier -54 when the reporting surgeon provided only the intraoperative (surgical) component of a procedure and preoperative and/or postoperative management has been or will be provided by…
    55Modifier –55 indicates the billing provider furnished only postoperative management for a procedure that has a global surgical period. According to AAPC, this modifier is appended to the same CPT…- Use modifier -55 when billing the same CPT surgical code that has a 10- or 90-day global period and you, as a provider other than the original surgeon, furnished ONLY postoperative management (no…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…
    66Modifier 66 (Surgical Team) is used when three or more surgeons act as primary surgeons on a single, highly complex procedure. The AMA defines it for use when a surgical team — often composed of…- Use modifier 66 when three or more surgeons act as primary surgeons working collaboratively as a surgical team on a single, highly complex or difficult procedure (for example organ…
    73Modifier 73 indicates a facility-level outpatient hospital or ASC procedure that was discontinued after the patient was prepared and taken to the procedure/operating room but before any anesthesia…- When to use: Apply CPT modifier 73 on the FACILITY (outpatient hospital or ASC) claim when the patient has been fully prepared and physically taken into the procedure/operating room but the…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    207RH0000X
    207L00000X
    2084P0800X
    207K00000X
    261QP2300X
    225XL0004X
    2279P4000X
    251K00000X

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Cardiology1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Automated Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring for Diagnosis of Hypertension in Patients with Elevated Office Blood PressureBluecross Idaho2026-11-01
    Cardiology - IvabradineCigna2026-10-15
    Cardiac Computed Tomography (CCT)/Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography (CCTA)univerahealthcare2026-10-15
    Percutaneous Ventricular Assist DeviceUnitedHealthcare2026-10-01
    Cardiovascular Disease Risk AssessmentOscar Health2026-10-01
    Biomarkers for Myocardial Infarction and Chronic Heart FailureOscar Health2026-10-01
    Multiple Procedure Payment Reduction for Diagnostic Cardiovascular ProceduresBlue Cross Blue Shield - Maine2026-10-01
    Left Atrial Appendage Closure Devicesexcellus_health_plan_inc2026-09-17
    Left Atrial Appendage Closure Devicesuniverahealthcare2026-09-17
    Cardiac Omnibus CodesCigna2026-09-15

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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