CPT code 93597 designates an invasive diagnostic cardiac catheterization performed for patients born with one or more congenital heart defects and abnormal native connections, where catheters are advanced to both right and left heart chambers to obtain blood gas samples and hemodynamic measurements. This code is clinically important for confirming physiologic shunts, pressure gradients, and oxygenation in complex congenital heart disease and guides management decisions including surgical or catheter-based interventions.

Key national payers in scope include Aetna, Blue Cross Blue Shield, Cigna Health, UnitedHealthcare, and Medicare. Readers will find a concise technical description of the procedure, typical sites of service, and the clinical context in which CPT code 93597 is used. The publication summarizes common billing modifiers applicable to cardiac catheterization and outlines expected documentation elements and service components.

The analysis presents benchmarking context and policy-relevant points for payers and health systems, including utilization patterns, clinical indications, and how this diagnostic service interfaces with subsequent interventional or surgical care. Data not available in the input is identified where applicable.