Summary & Overview

CPT 93575: MAPCA Angiography During Cardiac Catheterization

CPT code 93575 reports catheterization and angiographic visualization of a major aortopulmonary collateral artery (MAPCA) arising from the aorta or systemic branches during cardiac catheterization for congenital heart disease. The code captures the diagnostic injection of contrast, supervision of imaging, interpretation of angiograms, and preparation of an imaging report. This service is clinically important for delineating pulmonary blood supply in complex congenital cardiac lesions and can directly inform surgical or interventional planning, making accurate coding critical for clinical communication and claims processing.

Key payers covered in this analysis include Aetna, Blue Cross Blue Shield, Cigna Health, UnitedHealthcare, and Medicare. Readers will find a concise national overview of the code's clinical context, expected site-of-service, and typical service type. The publication outlines how 93575 is used in practice, common modifiers referenced for reporting completeness, and practical considerations for documentation. Where available, benchmarks and payer coverage patterns are summarized; if specific payer policy details are not present in the input, readers will be alerted that such data are not available. The focus is national in scope and is intended to orient clinicians, coders, and policy analysts to the clinical purpose and coding context of CPT code 93575.

AetnaBlue Cross Blue ShieldCigna HealthUnitedHealthcareMedicare93575CPTcardiac-catheterizationangiographycongenital-heart-diseaseMAPCApediatric-cardiology

Billing Code Overview

CPT code 93575 describes catheterization of a major aortopulmonary collateral artery (MAPCA) arising from the aorta or its systemic branches with contrast injection for visualization. The procedure is performed during a cardiac catheterization for congenital heart disease and includes supervision of imaging, interpretation of angiographic images, and preparation of a report of findings.

Service type: Diagnostic vascular angiography during cardiac catheterization for congenital heart defect
Typical site of service: Hospital cardiac catheterization laboratory or specialized pediatric catheterization suite

Clinical & Coding Specifications

Clinical Context

A 6-month-old infant with complex congenital heart disease (pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and suspected major aortopulmonary collateral arteries) is admitted for diagnostic cardiac catheterization. The interventional pediatric cardiology team performs vascular access under general anesthesia in the catheterization laboratory. During the procedure the provider selectively advances a catheter from the aortic root or a systemic arterial branch into a suspected MAPCA, injects contrast to delineate the vessel origin, course, and pulmonary arborization, supervises real-time fluoroscopic imaging, interprets the angiographic images, and documents a formal report describing vessel anatomy, flow patterns, stenoses, and any lesions amenable to transcatheter intervention. Findings guide surgical planning or transcatheter therapies such as coil embolization or stent placement. Typical workflow includes pre-procedure consent and imaging review, anesthesia induction, vascular access (arterial and venous), selective catheterization and angiography of MAPCAs, hemodynamic measurements as indicated, procedural documentation, and post-anesthesia recovery in a monitored setting.

Coding Specifications

Modifier	Description	When to Use
`00`	Unused/placeholder	Data not available in the input.
`22`	Increased procedural services	Use when the work required is substantially greater than typically required for `93575` (documentation must support).
`23`	Unusual anesthesia	Use when general anesthesia is administered for a procedure that usually does not require it, when applicable.
`52`	Reduced services	Use when the procedure is partially reduced or not completed as planned.
`53`	Discontinued procedure	Use when the procedure is started but terminated due to extenuating circumstances.
`62`	Two surgeons	Use when two surgeons with distinct specialties participate and both are documented as necessary.
`66`	Surgical team	Use when a surgical team reporting arrangement is required and documented.
`78`	Return to OR for related procedure during global period	Use if patient returns to the cath lab/OR for a related procedure during the global period.
`80`	Assistant surgeon	Use when an assistant surgeon provides documented intraoperative assistance.
`81`	Minimum assistant surgeon	Use when a minimum assistant is documented.
`82`	Assistant (when qualified resident unavailable)	Use when a qualified resident is unavailable and an assistant is documented.
`AS`	Physician assistant, nurse practitioner, or clinical nurse specialist services for assistant at surgery	Use when an APP performs documented assistant-at-surgery functions.
`QK`	Medical direction of two, three, or four concurrent anesthesia procedures by the same physician	Use when anesthesia medical direction meets criteria.
`QX`	Certified registered nurse anesthetist service with medical direction by a physician	Use when a CRNA provides anesthesia under physician direction.

Taxonomy Code	Specialty	Notes
208M00000X	Pediatric Cardiology	Interventional pediatric cardiologists commonly perform MAPCA angiography.
207RC0000X	Interventional Cardiology	Adult congenital or complex cardiac interventionalists may perform similar procedures in older patients.
363A00000X	Anesthesiology	Anesthesia providers for pediatric general anesthesia during catheterization.
208000000X	Pediatrics	Pediatricians may be involved in peri-procedural care and coordination.
207LP2900X	Cardiovascular Thoracic Surgery	Cardiac surgeons review angiographic findings for surgical planning.

Related Diagnoses

ICD-10 Code	Description	Clinical Relevance
`Q25.0`	Ventricular septal defect	Common congenital heart lesion associated with MAPCAs and often present in pulmonary atresia with VSD.
`Q25.2`	Pulmonary valve atresia and stenosis	Pulmonary atresia is frequently associated with MAPCAs supplying pulmonary blood flow.
`Q25.4`	Tetralogy of Fallot	Patients with TOF variants can have MAPCAs; angiography clarifies collateral circulation.
`Q20.0`	Common arterial trunk (truncus arteriosus)	Complex conotruncal anomalies may have anomalous pulmonary blood supply requiring MAPCA evaluation.
`Q21.9`	Congenital malformation of heart, unspecified	Used when a specific lesion is not yet fully characterized and MAPCA imaging is performed.

Related CPT Codes

CPT Code	Description	Relationship to This Procedure
`93452`	Right and left heart catheterization including intraprocedural injection for congenital heart disease when performed; with pulmonary and systemic arterial/venous angiography as indicated	Often performed in the same session to obtain hemodynamics and additional angiographic views prior to or after selective MAPCA angiography.
`93580`	Transcatheter embolization or occlusion of a vessel, arterial or venous, including radiological supervision and interpretation, when performed (separate code for embolization of MAPCAs)	Performed when selective MAPCA angiography identifies vessels requiring coil or device embolization during the same procedure.
`93568`	Transcatheter placement of intravascular stent(s) (noncoronary), including balloon dilation, when performed; initial vessel	Used when angiography of MAPCAs identifies stenosis requiring stent placement during catheterization.
`93542`	Selective catheter placement, arterial system; each first order thoracic branch, when performed	May be used for selective catheterization of arterial branches off the aorta as part of mapping MAPCAs.
`94010`	Breathing capacity test (spirometry) — placeholder for example of respiratory testing prior to procedure (Note: code may vary)	Pre-procedure pulmonary function testing or respiratory evaluation may be performed in older patients to assess peri-procedural risk.