CPT 93451: Percutaneous Venous Access with Oxygen Saturation Measurement
Medicare pays $592 and commercial payers pay $2961 on average nationally for this procedure.
CPT code 93451 describes percutaneous venous access (internal jugular, subclavian, or femoral vein) performed under fluoroscopic guidance to obtain blood oxygen saturation measurements used to evaluate cardiac output; service type: diagnostic invasive hemodynamic assessment; typical site of service: hospital inpatient or outpatient catheterization laboratory or procedural suite.
For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Cardiac Computed Tomography (CCT)/Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography (CCTA), Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment, Biomarkers for Myocardial Infarction and Chronic Heart Failure.
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National Reimbursement Benchmarks
Medicare’s mean rate of $592.20 sits well below BUCA’s commercial average of $2,960.90, illustrating a substantial gap between federal program reimbursement and the higher commercial market benchmark. The median for Medicare is $737 (with P25 of $134 and P75 of $847.50), while BUCA’s median is $3,294.80, so typical commercial reimbursements in BUCA are multiple times higher than Medicare’s central tendency.
Looking at dispersion measured as P75 minus P25, Blue Cross Blue Shield has the widest interquartile spread at $4,755.70 (P75 $6,402.20 minus P25 $1,646.30), followed by BUCA at $3,084.40 (P75 $4,147.70 minus P25 $1,063.30). The tightest spreads appear with Aetna at $665.70 and Cigna at $984.90, while UnitedHealth Group’s IQR is $912.10. These differences highlight substantial variability in commercial pricing across payers.