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    v1.0.28
    OpenPayerBilling CodesVaccines, ToxoidsCPT cpt-90684-21-valent-pneumococcal-vaccine-intramuscular
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    CPT 90684: Pneumococcal 21‑Valent Vaccine, Intramuscular

    CPT code 90684 describes a 21‑valent pneumococcal vaccine administered intramuscularly to prevent pneumococcal disease; this is a vaccine administration service typically provided as an intramuscular immunization in outpatient clinic, primary care, public health clinic, or pharmacy-based settings and is billed as a vaccine product service rather than an evaluation and management visit.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: B-Hemolytic Streptococcus Testing, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) — Coverage Criteria for Testing and Resistance Assays, Hepatitis Testing (A, B, C, D) Coverage Criteria.

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    Table of contents

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A 68-year-old patient presents to a primary care clinic for routine preventive care and vaccine review. The patient has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and diabetes mellitus type 2, placing them at increased risk for invasive pneumococcal disease. The clinician documents vaccination history, confirms indications for pneumococcal immunization, verifies no contraindications (e.g., severe allergic reaction to a prior dose or vaccine component), and administers the intramuscular 21‑valent pneumococcal vaccine 90684 in the deltoid. The visit includes vaccine counseling, informed consent, and observation for immediate adverse reaction for 15 minutes. Documentation captures vaccine product, lot number, expiration date, site and route of administration, VIS (vaccine information statement) given, and the patient’s consent. Billing is submitted under the vaccine administration line item and may include an evaluation and management (E/M) code for a separate identifiable service if appropriate, with applicable modifier(s) when required.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    90460Immunization administration through 18 years of age via any route of administration, with counseling by physician or other qualified health care professional; first component of each vaccine or toxoid administeredUse when counseling and administration for pediatric immunizations are billed; not typically used for adult 90684 but conceptually related for administration reporting.
    90461Each additional vaccine/toxoid component administered (List separately in addition to code for primary service)Use when additional vaccine components require separate administration reporting; applicable if multiple vaccines are given same visit.
    90471Immunization administration (includes percutaneous, intradermal, subcutaneous, or intramuscular injections); single or first componentCommon CPT for reporting vaccine administration for adults when 90684 is reported; pairs with vaccine product code for administration.
    90472Each additional vaccine administration (different substance)Use when more than one vaccine is administered during the same encounter and administration services are billed separately.
    G0008Administration of influenza virus vaccineExample of an administration-only HCPCS/G-code for Medicare; shows parallel billing of vaccine product and administration.

    Related Modifiers

    6 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    25CPT modifier 25 indicates that on the same day as another procedure or service, the same physician or other qualified health care professional provided a significant, separately identifiable…- When to apply: Use modifier 25 only on an E/M code to indicate the same provider delivered a significant, separately identifiable E/M service on the same day as another procedure or service — i.e.,…
    59Modifier 59 indicates a distinct procedural service when two procedures that are not normally billed together are clinically and procedurally separate. The CPT definition (as reiterated by CMS)…- Use modifier -59 to report a distinct procedural service when documentation supports that the procedure reported is not normally billed together with another service on the same day because of a…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    76Modifier -76, Repeat Procedure or Service by Same Physician or Other Qualified Health Care Professional, is appended when the same provider performs an identical, medically necessary procedure or…- Use modifier -76 when the same physician or other qualified health care professional performs an identical procedure or service a second (or subsequent) time on the same date of service and the…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy CodeSpecialtyNotes
    207Q00000XFamily Medicine PhysicianFamily Medicine is the medical specialty which is concerned with the total health care of the individual and the family. It is the specialty in breadt…
    208D00000XGeneral Practice PhysicianA physician who specializes in the general practice of diagnosing, treating, and managing patients with a variety of illnesses and conditions.
    261QA0005XAmbulatory Family Planning FacilityAn abortion/family planning facility where services are provided at a fixed specific location. An Ambulatory Family Planning Facility does not provid…
    363LS0200XSchool Nurse PractitionerPhysician Assistants & Advanced Practice Nursing Providers · Nurse Practitioner
    2085N0700XNeuroradiology PhysicianA radiologist who diagnoses and treats diseases utilizing imaging procedures as they relate to the brain, spine and spinal cord, head, neck and organs…
    133NN1002XNutrition Education NutritionistDietary & Nutritional Service Providers · Nutritionist
    2080P0008XPediatric Neurodevelopmental Disabilities PhysicianA pediatrician who specializes in the treatment of individuals with developmental delays and learning disorders associated with cerebral palsy, spina …
    2279G0305XGeriatric Care Registered Respiratory TherapistCare of older patients who have age and/or disease related decremental pulmonary changes. Diagnosis and treatment is very important for this group si…

    Related ICD-10-CM Codes

    27 rows

    ICD-10-CM CodeDescription
    A41.9Sepsis, unspecified organism
    B20Human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] disease
    B95.3Streptococcus pneumoniae as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere
    B95.4Other streptococcus as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere
    C34.90Malignant neoplasm of unspecified part of unspecified bronchus or lung
    C71.9Malignant neoplasm of brain, unspecified
    D69.3Immune thrombocytopenic purpura
    D70.9Neutropenia, unspecified
    D80.9Immunodeficiency with predominantly antibody defects, unspecified
    E11.9Type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications

    Showing 1–10 of 27

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Infectious Disease1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    B-Hemolytic Streptococcus TestingOscar Health2026-10-01
    Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) — Coverage Criteria for Testing and Resistance AssaysOscar Health2026-10-01
    Hepatitis Testing (A, B, C, D) Coverage CriteriaOscar Health2026-10-01
    Lyme Disease Testing Coverage CriteriaOscar Health2026-10-01
    Pathogen Panel TestingOscar Health2026-10-01
    Diagnostic Testing of Common Sexually Transmitted InfectionsOscar Health2026-10-01
    Testing for Diagnosis of Active or Latent TuberculosisOscar Health2026-10-01
    Testing for Vector-Borne InfectionsOscar Health2026-10-01
    Coronavirus Testing in the Outpatient SettingOscar Health2026-10-01
    Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)blue cross blue shield - louisiana2026-09-15

    Related Codes

    CPT-90476-ADENOVIRUS-TYPE-4-ORAL-VACCINE-ADMINISTRATION

    CPT 90476: Oral Live Vaccine for Adenovirus Type 4

    CPT-90477-ORAL-LIVE-ADENOVIRUS-TYPE-7-VACCINE

    CPT 90477: Oral Live Adenovirus Type 7 Vaccine Administration

    CPT-90581-ANTHRAX-VACCINE-INJECTION

    CPT 90581: Anthrax Vaccine, Injection

    CPT-90584-QUADRIVALENT-LIVE-DENGUE-VACCINE-SUBCUTANEOUS

    CPT 90584: Quadrivalent Live Dengue Vaccine, Subcutaneous, Two-Dose

    CPT-90585-TB-LIVE-INTRADERMAL-VACCINE

    CPT 90585: Live Tuberculosis Vaccine Administered Through the Skin

    CPT-90586-INTRAVESICAL-LIVE-VACCINE-BLADDER-CANCER

    CPT 90586: Intravesical Live Vaccine for Bladder Cancer

    CPT-90587-DENGUE-VACCINE-SUBCUTANEOUS-THREE-DOSE

    CPT 90587: Quadrivalent Live Dengue Vaccine, Subcutaneous, Three-Dose

    CPT-90589-CHIKUNGUNYA-VACCINE-INTRAMUSCULAR-LIVE-ATTENUATED

    CPT 90589: Chikungunya Vaccine, Live Attenuated, Intramuscular

    CPT-90593-RECOMBINANT-CHIKUNGUNYA-VACCINE-INTRAMUSCULAR

    CPT 90593: Recombinant Chikungunya Vaccine, Intramuscular

    CPT-90611-SMALLPOX-MONKEYPOX-VACCINE-SUBCUTANEOUS-05ML

    CPT 90611: Combined Smallpox and Monkeypox Vaccine, Subcutaneous 0.5 mL

    Showing 1–10 of 101

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    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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