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    v1.0.28
    OpenPayerBilling CodesGenetic Analysis ProceduresCPT cpt-81227-cyp2c9-genetic-testing-molecular-diagnostic
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    CPT 81227: CYP2C9 Genotype Analysis

    CPT code 81227 describes a laboratory molecular test that detects common variants in the CYP2C9 gene, used to identify genetic differences in cytochrome P450 2C9 that can affect drug metabolism; service type: molecular pathology / genotyping test; typical site of service: clinical laboratory or molecular diagnostics lab where a technologist performs the technical analytic procedures to generate the genotype result.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: RTM Testing of Homocysteine Metabolism-Related Conditions, Multimarker Serum Testing Related to Ovarian Cancer, Genomic Profiling for Selecting Targeted Cancer Therapies.

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    Table of contents

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    • Billing CodesCPT, HCPCS, DRG & more
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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A 52-year-old patient with a history of atrial fibrillation is evaluated by their cardiology clinic to guide warfarin dosing and bleeding risk. The clinician orders genetic testing for cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) variants to detect common polymorphisms that affect warfarin metabolism. A venous blood sample is collected at an outpatient laboratory, sent to a molecular diagnostics lab, and the technical component test 81227 is performed to detect common CYP2C9 gene variants (for example *2, *3 alleles). The lab analyst runs the assay, generates raw data, performs quality control, and provides a technical report to the interpreting laboratory physician. The interpreting physician integrates the technical result with clinical information (other pharmacogenomic results, current medications, INR history) and issues a consult note with dosing guidance.

    Typical site of service: outpatient hospital laboratory, reference molecular diagnostics laboratory, or hospital clinical lab performing targeted pharmacogenetic testing.

    Typical workflow steps:

    • Order placed by cardiology or primary care provider

    • Specimen collection (venipuncture) at outpatient lab

    • Specimen accessioning and DNA extraction in molecular lab

    • Technical testing (81227) performed and raw data QC

    • Result forwarded to interpreting clinician for final report and incorporation into medication management

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    81225CYP2C19 gene analysis, common variantsOften ordered alongside 81227 when assessing multiple pharmacogenes affecting antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy.
    81226VKORC1 gene analysis, common variantsCommonly performed with 81227 to guide warfarin dosing (VKORC1 influences warfarin sensitivity).
    0033UMolecular pathology procedure (example molecular assay)May be used for alternative or multiplex pharmacogenetic panels that include CYP2C9 variants; ordered when broader panel testing is indicated.
    80500Drug assay (e.g., therapeutic drug monitoring)

    Related Modifiers

    8 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    90Modifier ‑90 (Reference/Outside Laboratory) indicates that a laboratory test was performed by an entity other than the treating or reporting provider. The American Medical Association defines…- Use CPT modifier -90 when a laboratory test is performed by an outside/reference laboratory (an entity other than the treating or reporting physician or qualified professional) and the claim needs…
    91Modifier 91 — “Repeat Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Test” — is appended when the exact same CPT laboratory test is performed more than once for the same patient on the same day because serial,…- Use modifier 91 when the exact same CPT laboratory test is performed more than once on the same patient on the same date because serial or repeated testing is medically necessary to monitor…
    59Modifier 59 indicates a distinct procedural service when two procedures that are not normally billed together are clinically and procedurally separate. The CPT definition (as reiterated by CMS)…- Use modifier -59 to report a distinct procedural service when documentation supports that the procedure reported is not normally billed together with another service on the same day because of a…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    80CPT® Modifier 80 (Assistant Surgeon) is appended to a surgical CPT code when a physician (MD or DO) provides full, continuous assistance throughout the operative procedure. It is intended only for…- Use CPT Modifier -80 when a physician (MD or DO) serves as an assistant surgeon and provides full, continuous assistance throughout the entire operative procedure; append -80 to the surgical CPT…

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy CodeSpecialtyNotes
    207RH0000XHematology (Internal Medicine) PhysicianAn internist with additional training who specializes in diseases of the blood, spleen and lymph. This specialist treats conditions such as anemia, cl…
    2084P0800XPsychiatry PhysicianA Psychiatrist specializes in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of mental disorders, emotional disorders, psychotic disorders, mood disorders, …
    207L00000XAnesthesiology PhysicianAn anesthesiologist is trained to provide pain relief and maintenance, or restoration, of a stable condition during and immediately following an opera…
    208D00000XGeneral Practice PhysicianA physician who specializes in the general practice of diagnosing, treating, and managing patients with a variety of illnesses and conditions.
    207K00000XAllergy & Immunology PhysicianAn allergist-immunologist is trained in evaluation, physical and laboratory diagnosis, and management of disorders involving the immune system. Select…
    2865X1600XOperational (Transportable) Military General Acute Care HospitalA Department of Defense (DoD) health care organization furnishing inpatient care 24 hours per day in "non-fixed" or deployed facilities. Entity is not…
    2083P0011XUndersea and Hyperbaric Medicine (Preventive Medicine) PhysicianA specialist who treats decompression illness and diving accident cases and uses hyperbaric oxygen therapy to treat such conditions as carbon monoxide…
    163WP0808XPsychiatric/Mental Health Registered NurseNursing Service Providers · Registered Nurse

    Related ICD-10-CM Codes

    26 rows

    ICD-10-CM CodeDescription
    D50.9Iron deficiency anemia, unspecified
    D68.9Coagulation defect, unspecified
    E11.65Type 2 diabetes mellitus with hyperglycemia
    E11.9Type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications
    E78.5Hyperlipidemia, unspecified
    F10.20Alcohol dependence, uncomplicated
    F11.20Opioid dependence, uncomplicated
    F33.1Major depressive disorder, recurrent, moderate
    G47.00Insomnia, unspecified
    I10Essential (primary) hypertension

    Showing 1–10 of 26

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Genetic & Molecular Testing1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    RTM Testing of Homocysteine Metabolism-Related ConditionsOscar Health2026-10-01
    Multimarker Serum Testing Related to Ovarian CancerBlue Cross Blue Shield - Rhode Island2026-09-01
    Genomic Profiling for Selecting Targeted Cancer TherapiesBlue Cross Blue Shield - Rhode Island2026-09-01
    Whole Exome and Whole Genome Sequencing for Diagnosis of Genetic DisordersBlue Cross Blue Shield - Rhode Island2026-09-01
    Biomarker and Genetic/Molecular Testing Coverage and Prior AuthorizationBlue Cross Blue Shield - Rhode Island2026-09-01
    Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT)univerahealthcare2026-08-17
    Lumizyme (alglucosidase alfa) — Pompe Disease (acid alpha‑glucosidase deficiency)Cigna2026-08-15
    Molecular Oncology Testing for Solid Tumor Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment DecisionsColorado Rocky Mountain Health Plans2026-08-01
    Carrier Testing Panels for Genetic DiseasesColorado Rocky Mountain Health Plans2026-08-01
    Molecular Oncology Testing for Hematologic Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment DecisionsColorado Rocky Mountain Health Plans2026-08-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-81105-HPA-1-PLATELET-ANTIGEN-1-GENOTYPING-ITGB3-CD61

    CPT 81105: HPA-1 (ITGB3/CD61) Genotyping, Technical Component

    CPT-81106-HPA-2-T145M-GENETIC-ALLELE-ANALYSIS

    CPT 81106: HPA-2 (T145M) Platelet Antigen Genotyping

    CPT-81107-HPA-3-GENETIC-ANALYSIS-TECHNICAL-COMPONENT

    CPT 81107: HPA‑3 (I843S) Platelet Antigen Genotyping

    CPT-81108-HPA-4-R143Q-GENOTYPING

    CPT 81108: HPA-4 (R143Q) Genotyping

    CPT-81109-HPA-5-K505E-GENETIC-ANALYSIS

    CPT 81109: HPA-5 (K505E) Genotyping Test

    CPT-81110-HPA-6-R489Q-GENOTYPING

    CPT 81110: HPA-6 (R489Q) Genotyping, Technical Component

    CPT-81111-HPA-9-V837M-ALLELE-ANALYSIS

    CPT 81111: HPA-9 (V837M) Genotyping, Technical Test

    CPT-81112-HPA-15-GENETIC-ANALYSIS-S682Y

    CPT 81112: HPA-15 (S682Y) Platelet Antigen Genotyping

    CPT-81120-IDH1-MOLECULAR-DIAGNOSTIC-TEST

    CPT 81120: IDH1 Mutation Detection, Technical Component

    CPT-81121-IDH2-MOLECULAR-DIAGNOSTIC-TEST

    CPT 81121: IDH2 Mutation Detection, Technical Component

    Showing 1–10 of 199

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    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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    May be performed before or after genetic testing to monitor warfarin effect (INR measured by separate labs) or other drug levels.
    81025Urinalysis (automated)Ancillary lab testing sometimes ordered as part of pre-procedural evaluation; not specific but often present in comprehensive workups.