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CPT 61618: Dural Graft Repair of Post-Craniotomy CSF Leak

CPT code 61618 denotes surgical repair of a dural cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak using a dural graft after a craniotomy. This code captures a targeted neurosurgical intervention to restore dural integrity and prevent complications such as persistent CSF leak, infection, or wound healing problems. Nationally, accurate coding for dural repair procedures affects clinical tracking, quality measurement, and facility and physician billing for neurosurgical services.

Key payers included in the overview are Aetna, Blue Cross Blue Shield, Cigna Health, UnitedHealthcare, and Medicare. Readers will find context on the clinical indication and typical setting for 61618, plus the types of benchmarks and policy issues relevant to surgical repair coding. The publication outlines common billing and documentation considerations, reimbursement benchmarking themes, and potential policy updates that influence how payers and providers manage coverage for postoperative dural repair.

This resource is intended to provide a concise reference on clinical context, expected sites of service, and the payer landscape. Data not available in the input is noted where specific benchmarking figures, associated taxonomies, and ICD-10 pairings would normally appear.

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Billing Code Overview

CPT code 61618 describes a surgical procedure to repair a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak in the dura mater using a dural graft following a craniotomy. The procedure addresses postoperative CSF leakage that can occur after an incision into the skull performed for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.

Service type: Surgical repair of dural defect with dural graft
Typical site of service: Inpatient or outpatient hospital operating room (neurosurgical service)

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CPT 61618: Dural Graft Repair of Post-Craniotomy CSF Leak

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Billing Code Overview

Service type: Surgical repair of dural defect with dural graft
Typical site of service: Inpatient or outpatient hospital operating room (neurosurgical service)

Clinical & Coding Specifications

Clinical Context

A 58-year-old patient presents 7 days after a right frontal craniotomy for tumor resection with clear, watery drainage from the incision site and positional headache. Imaging and bedside evaluation confirm a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak through a dural defect at the prior craniotomy site. The neurosurgeon schedules a return to the operating room for exploration and dural repair with a dural graft under general anesthesia. The intraoperative workflow includes wound exploration, identification of the dural tear, mobilization of native dura, placement and fixation of an autologous or xenograft dural patch, layered closure of the bone flap and scalp, and placement of a subgaleal or lumbar drain if indicated. Typical perioperative documentation includes indication, consent, operative findings, graft type, technique of repair, estimated blood loss, complications, and postoperative plan for bed rest, head-of-bed positioning, and monitoring for recurrent leak or infection.

Coding Specifications

Modifier	Description	When to Use
`22`	Increased procedural services	Use when work, time, or technical difficulty substantially exceeds typical for `61618`. Documentation must justify increased complexity.
`52`	Reduced services	Use when the dural repair was attempted but significantly reduced in scope relative to `61618`.
`53`	Discontinued procedure	Use when procedure was begun but terminated for patient-related or intraoperative reasons before repair completion.
`62`	Two surgeons	Use when two surgeons of different specialties perform distinct portions of the dural repair.
`66`	Surgical team (multiple providers)	Use when a surgical team is used and reporting follows payer rules for team services.
`78`	Return to OR for related procedure during global period	Use when an unplanned return to the OR during the global period is required for recurrent CSF leak repair.
`79`	Unrelated procedure or service by the same physician during the postoperative period	Use when an unrelated procedure occurs during the global period.
`58`	Staged or related procedure during the postoperative period	Use when the dural repair is planned as a staged procedure following the initial craniotomy.
`59`	Distinct procedural service	Use to indicate a distinct procedural service when separate and not normally reported together; support with documentation to distinguish from the index procedure.
`26`	Professional component	Use if billing only the physician's professional component when a separate technical component is billed by another entity.
`50`	Bilateral procedure	Rare for `61618`; use only if bilateral dural repairs are performed and payer accepts bilateral modifier reporting.
`52`	Reduced services	(See above) Duplicate `52` omitted elsewhere; included here only once.

Taxonomy Code	Specialty	Notes
`207RH0000X`	Neurological Surgery	Primary specialty performing craniotomy and dural repair.
`2084P0800X`	Neurology	May be involved in perioperative medical management but not typical primary operator.
`208000000X`	General Surgery (Neurosurgical subspecialists typically preferred)	Occasionally involved in cranial wound management or head and neck reconstruction aspects.
`363L00000X`	Critical Care Medicine	Provides intra- and immediate postoperative critical care for complex cases.
`103T00000X`	Radiology — Diagnostic	Involved preoperatively for CT or MR imaging interpretation that guides surgical planning.

Related Diagnoses

ICD-10 Code	Description	Clinical Relevance
`G97.7`	Postprocedural cerebrospinal fluid leak	Directly describes a CSF leak after cranial surgery and is the most specific diagnosis for `61618`.
`S06.5X1A`	Traumatic subdural hemorrhage with loss of consciousness of unspecified duration, initial encounter	Represents a scenario where prior craniotomy may have been performed and a subsequent dural repair is needed (example clinical context).
`G93.6`	Cerebrospinal fluid leak	General CSF leak diagnosis when site specificity is less precise but relevant to repair.
`T81.89XA`	Other complications of procedures, not elsewhere classified, initial encounter	Used when documenting post-surgical complications such as wound dehiscence with CSF leak requiring repair.
`G96.0`	Cerebrospinal fluid fistula	Identifies a pathological communication causing CSF leakage that may necessitate dural graft repair.

Related CPT Codes

CPT Code	Description	Relationship to This Procedure
`61618`	Repair of CSF leak from dura mater using dural graft following craniotomy	Index procedure: dural repair with graft placement for post-craniotomy CSF leak.
`61312`	Craniotomy with decompression of brain abscess or evacuation of intracranial process	May precede or be part of initial craniotomy that resulted in a dural defect requiring later repair.
`61520`	Craniectomy or craniotomy for decompression or access (supratentorial)	Represents the original access procedure (craniotomy) after which a leak may occur; relevant to operative history.
`61616`	Repair of dural defect or CSF leak, without graft (if available)	Alternative repair technique; used when primary repair is achievable without graft material.
`62270`	Spinal drainage procedures (lumbar drain placement)	Often performed perioperatively to reduce CSF pressure and support dural repair healing.
`62160`	Ventriculostomy, with or without insertion of ventricular catheter	May be used in cases requiring CSF diversion as adjunct to cranial dural repair.

CPT 61619: Dural CSF Leak Repair with Pedicle Flap After Craniotomy

References

1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.

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Clinical & Coding Specifications

Clinical Context

Coding Specifications

Modifier	Description	When to Use
`22`	Increased procedural services	Use when work, time, or technical difficulty substantially exceeds typical for `61618`. Documentation must justify increased complexity.
`52`	Reduced services	Use when the dural repair was attempted but significantly reduced in scope relative to `61618`.
`53`	Discontinued procedure	Use when procedure was begun but terminated for patient-related or intraoperative reasons before repair completion.
`62`	Two surgeons	Use when two surgeons of different specialties perform distinct portions of the dural repair.
`66`	Surgical team (multiple providers)	Use when a surgical team is used and reporting follows payer rules for team services.
`78`	Return to OR for related procedure during global period	Use when an unplanned return to the OR during the global period is required for recurrent CSF leak repair.
`79`	Unrelated procedure or service by the same physician during the postoperative period	Use when an unrelated procedure occurs during the global period.
`58`	Staged or related procedure during the postoperative period	Use when the dural repair is planned as a staged procedure following the initial craniotomy.
`59`	Distinct procedural service	Use to indicate a distinct procedural service when separate and not normally reported together; support with documentation to distinguish from the index procedure.
`26`	Professional component	Use if billing only the physician's professional component when a separate technical component is billed by another entity.
`50`	Bilateral procedure	Rare for `61618`; use only if bilateral dural repairs are performed and payer accepts bilateral modifier reporting.
`52`	Reduced services	(See above) Duplicate `52` omitted elsewhere; included here only once.

Taxonomy Code	Specialty	Notes
`207RH0000X`	Neurological Surgery	Primary specialty performing craniotomy and dural repair.
`2084P0800X`	Neurology	May be involved in perioperative medical management but not typical primary operator.
`208000000X`	General Surgery (Neurosurgical subspecialists typically preferred)	Occasionally involved in cranial wound management or head and neck reconstruction aspects.
`363L00000X`	Critical Care Medicine	Provides intra- and immediate postoperative critical care for complex cases.
`103T00000X`	Radiology — Diagnostic	Involved preoperatively for CT or MR imaging interpretation that guides surgical planning.

Related Diagnoses

ICD-10 Code	Description	Clinical Relevance
`G97.7`	Postprocedural cerebrospinal fluid leak	Directly describes a CSF leak after cranial surgery and is the most specific diagnosis for `61618`.
`S06.5X1A`	Traumatic subdural hemorrhage with loss of consciousness of unspecified duration, initial encounter	Represents a scenario where prior craniotomy may have been performed and a subsequent dural repair is needed (example clinical context).
`G93.6`	Cerebrospinal fluid leak	General CSF leak diagnosis when site specificity is less precise but relevant to repair.
`T81.89XA`	Other complications of procedures, not elsewhere classified, initial encounter	Used when documenting post-surgical complications such as wound dehiscence with CSF leak requiring repair.
`G96.0`	Cerebrospinal fluid fistula	Identifies a pathological communication causing CSF leakage that may necessitate dural graft repair.

Related CPT Codes

CPT Code	Description	Relationship to This Procedure
`61618`	Repair of CSF leak from dura mater using dural graft following craniotomy	Index procedure: dural repair with graft placement for post-craniotomy CSF leak.
`61312`	Craniotomy with decompression of brain abscess or evacuation of intracranial process	May precede or be part of initial craniotomy that resulted in a dural defect requiring later repair.
`61520`	Craniectomy or craniotomy for decompression or access (supratentorial)	Represents the original access procedure (craniotomy) after which a leak may occur; relevant to operative history.
`61616`	Repair of dural defect or CSF leak, without graft (if available)	Alternative repair technique; used when primary repair is achievable without graft material.
`62270`	Spinal drainage procedures (lumbar drain placement)	Often performed perioperatively to reduce CSF pressure and support dural repair healing.
`62160`	Ventriculostomy, with or without insertion of ventricular catheter	May be used in cases requiring CSF diversion as adjunct to cranial dural repair.

CPT 61619: Dural CSF Leak Repair with Pedicle Flap After Craniotomy

References

1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.

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Trek Health powers OpenPayer with a leading commercial payer intelligence platform, seamlessly converting fragmented payer data into actionable insights for provider organizations.

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CPT 61618: Dural Graft Repair of Post-Craniotomy CSF Leak

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Billing Code Overview

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CPT 61618: Dural Graft Repair of Post-Craniotomy CSF Leak

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Billing Code Overview

Clinical & Coding Specifications

Clinical Context

Coding Specifications

Related Diagnoses

Related CPT Codes

Related Codes

References

Clinical & Coding Specifications

Clinical Context

Coding Specifications

Related Diagnoses

Related CPT Codes

Related Codes

References