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CPT 58900: Ovarian Biopsy via Vaginal or Abdominal Approach

CPT code 58900 denotes surgical biopsy of one or both ovaries via a vaginal or abdominal approach to obtain tissue for diagnostic evaluation. Nationally, this code captures a focused surgical service used in the diagnosis of ovarian pathology, including mass evaluation and suspected malignancy. Accurate coding of 58900 affects clinical documentation, procedure tracking, and payer adjudication for gynecologic surgical services.

Key payers discussed include Aetna, Blue Cross Blue Shield, Cigna Health, UnitedHealthcare, and Medicare. Readers will find a concise overview of clinical context, common sites of service, and payer coverage considerations for ovarian biopsy procedures. The publication provides benchmarks where available, summarizes relevant policy and coding guidance updates, and outlines typical service line implications for surgical and obstetrics-gynecology practices.

The report is intended for revenue cycle professionals, clinicians, and policy analysts seeking a national perspective on coding and coverage for ovarian biopsy procedures. Data not available in the input will be identified as such in supporting tables and appendices.

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Billing Code Overview

CPT code 58900 describes a procedure in which the provider obtains a tissue sample from one or both ovaries for diagnostic purposes. The sampling may be performed through a vaginal or abdominal approach, depending on clinical indication and provider judgment.

Service type: Ovarian biopsy / diagnostic ovarian tissue sampling

Typical site of service: Ambulatory surgical center, hospital outpatient department, or inpatient surgical setting

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CPT 58900: Ovarian Biopsy via Vaginal or Abdominal Approach

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Get alerted when payer policies referencing 58900 are released or updated.

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Billing Code Overview

Service type: Ovarian biopsy / diagnostic ovarian tissue sampling

Typical site of service: Ambulatory surgical center, hospital outpatient department, or inpatient surgical setting

Clinical & Coding Specifications

Clinical Context

A 38-year-old woman presents with persistent unilateral pelvic pain and an adnexal mass identified on transvaginal ultrasound. Tumor markers are equivocal and the clinician recommends an ovarian biopsy to obtain histologic diagnosis prior to definitive surgical planning. The patient is counseled about approaches; the provider elects a transvaginal ultrasound-guided core biopsy in the outpatient procedure suite under conscious sedation. The clinical workflow includes pre-procedure consent and review of imaging, sterile preparation, local anesthesia and/or conscious sedation, ultrasound guidance to target the lesion, obtaining one or more tissue cores from one or both ovaries, hemostasis verification, pathology specimen labeling and sending for histopathology, and post-procedure recovery with discharge instructions.

Coding Specifications

Modifier	Description	When to Use
`26`	Professional component	Use when billing only the physician’s professional interpretation/biopsy performance separate from facility technical services
`50`	Bilateral procedure	Use when biopsy specimens are taken from both ovaries during the same operative session
`51`	Multiple procedures	Use when multiple distinct procedures are performed in the same session in addition to the ovarian biopsy
`52`	Reduced services	Use when the procedure is partially reduced or not completed as originally planned
`53`	Discontinued procedure	Use when the procedure is started but terminated due to extenuating circumstances or patient condition
`59`	Distinct procedural service	Use to indicate a separate and distinct biopsy procedure when billed with another service on the same day that might be bundled
`62`	Two surgeons	Use when two surgeons work together as primary surgeons performing distinct portions of the procedure
`66`	Surgical team	Use when a surgical team approach is documented and billed for complex intraoperative care
`73`	Discontinued outpatient procedure prior to anesthesia	Use when procedure is discontinued after induction of local or minimal sedation but before more extensive anesthesia
`78`	Return to operating room for a related procedure during the postoperative period	Use if patient returns to OR for a complication related to the initial biopsy
`80`	Assistant surgeon	Use when a surgical assistant is documented and assists during the biopsy
`81`	Minimum assistant surgeon	Use when a minimum assistant surgeon is documented per payer policy
`52`	Reduced services	Use when circumstances require a diminished service relative to the full procedure (duplicate entry for emphasis of relevance)
`59`	Distinct procedural service	Use when documenting separate anatomic site or separate session for same-day procedures (duplicate entry acknowledges common applicability)

Taxonomy Code	Specialty	Notes
207Q00000X	Obstetrics & Gynecology	Gynecologic surgeons commonly perform ovarian biopsies via transvaginal or abdominal approaches
207P00000X	Gynecologic Oncology	Gynecologic oncologists perform biopsies when malignancy is suspected and guide staging/treatment decisions
208D00000X	Reproductive Endocrinology/Infertility	Reproductive specialists may perform ovarian sampling for diagnostic evaluation in select cases
207L00000X	Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery	Pelvic surgeons may perform biopsy when adnexal pathology is encountered during other procedures

Related Diagnoses

ICD-10 Code	Description	Clinical Relevance
`N83.2`	Torsion of ovary, ovarian pedicle	Tissue sampling may be considered when necrosis or uncertain adnexal mass is encountered though torsion is primarily a surgical emergency
`N83.20`	Torsion of ovary, unspecified	See above; included to capture unspecified laterality in clinical documentation
`N83.0`	Ovarian cyst, unspecified	Common indication for biopsy when imaging cannot characterize cystic adnexal masses and tissue diagnosis is needed
`N97.9`	Female infertility, unspecified	In select diagnostic evaluations of infertility, ovarian sampling may be performed to assess pathology impacting fertility
`C56.9`	Malignant neoplasm of ovary, unspecified	Suspicion for ovarian malignancy is a primary clinical reason to obtain tissue for histologic diagnosis

Related CPT Codes

CPT Code	Description	Relationship to This Procedure
`58611`	Laparoscopy, surgical; with lysis of adhesions (salpingolysis, ovariolysis)	May be performed when peritoneal access or adhesiolysis is required to reach the ovary for biopsy via abdominal/laparoscopic approach
`49000`	Biopsy of abdominal wall; superficial	May be performed for sampling superficial abdominal masses if an abdominal approach is used or to obtain alternative tissue when ovarian biopsy is contraindicated
`76942`	Ultrasonic guidance for needle placement (e.g., biopsy)	Commonly performed concurrently to provide real-time image guidance when obtaining ovarian tissue transvaginally or transabdominally
`99213`	Office or other outpatient visit for evaluation and management, established patient, low to moderate complexity	Typical pre-procedure evaluation and post-procedure follow-up visit coding for outpatient biopsy workflow
`88305`	Level IV surgical pathology, gross and microscopic examination	Typical pathology CPT code billed by the laboratory for processing and histologic interpretation of ovarian biopsy specimens

CPT 58920: Ovarian Wedge Resection/Partial Oophorectomy

CPT-58925-OPEN-OVARIAN-CYSTECTOMY-ABDOMINAL-APPROACH

CPT 58925: Open Ovarian Cystectomy via Abdominal Incision

CPT-58940-OOPHORECTOMY-OPEN-ABDOMINAL

CPT 58940: Oophorectomy, Open Abdominal

CPT-58943-OOPHORECTOMY-ABDOMINAL-APPROACH-OVARIAN-CANCER-STAGING

CPT 58943: Abdominal Oophorectomy with Staging

CPT-58950-DEBULKING-OVARIAN-TUBAL-PERITONEAL-MALIGNANCY-OPEN-ABDOMINAL

CPT 58950: Open Abdominal Debulking for Ovarian/Tubal/Peritoneal Malignancy

CPT-58951-CYTOREDUCTIVE-SURGERY-OVARIAN-TUBAL-PERITONEAL-MALIGNANCY

CPT 58951: Cytoreductive Abdominal Surgery for Ovarian/Tubal/Peritoneal Malignancy

CPT-58952-RADICAL-DEBULKING-OVARIAN-TUBAL-PERITONEAL-MALIGNANCY

CPT 58952: Radical Debulking for Ovarian, Tubal, or Peritoneal Malignancy

CPT-58953-HYSTERECTOMY-BILATERAL-SALPINGO-OOPHORECTOMY-OMENTECTOMY-WITH-RADICAL-TUMOR-EXCISION

CPT 58953: Hysterectomy with Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectomy, Omentectomy, and Radical Tumor Excision

CPT-58954-RADICAL-ABDOMINAL-GYNECOLOGIC-ONCOLOGIC-RESECTION

CPT 58954: Radical Abdominal Gynecologic Oncologic Resection

CPT-58956-ABDOMINAL-HYSTERECTOMY-BILATERAL-SALPINGO-OOPHORECTOMY-OMENTECTOMY

CPT 58956: Abdominal Hysterectomy with Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectomy and Omentectomy

Showing 1–10 of 12

References

1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.

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Clinical & Coding Specifications

Clinical Context

Coding Specifications

Modifier	Description	When to Use
`26`	Professional component	Use when billing only the physician’s professional interpretation/biopsy performance separate from facility technical services
`50`	Bilateral procedure	Use when biopsy specimens are taken from both ovaries during the same operative session
`51`	Multiple procedures	Use when multiple distinct procedures are performed in the same session in addition to the ovarian biopsy
`52`	Reduced services	Use when the procedure is partially reduced or not completed as originally planned
`53`	Discontinued procedure	Use when the procedure is started but terminated due to extenuating circumstances or patient condition
`59`	Distinct procedural service	Use to indicate a separate and distinct biopsy procedure when billed with another service on the same day that might be bundled
`62`	Two surgeons	Use when two surgeons work together as primary surgeons performing distinct portions of the procedure
`66`	Surgical team	Use when a surgical team approach is documented and billed for complex intraoperative care
`73`	Discontinued outpatient procedure prior to anesthesia	Use when procedure is discontinued after induction of local or minimal sedation but before more extensive anesthesia
`78`	Return to operating room for a related procedure during the postoperative period	Use if patient returns to OR for a complication related to the initial biopsy
`80`	Assistant surgeon	Use when a surgical assistant is documented and assists during the biopsy
`81`	Minimum assistant surgeon	Use when a minimum assistant surgeon is documented per payer policy
`52`	Reduced services	Use when circumstances require a diminished service relative to the full procedure (duplicate entry for emphasis of relevance)
`59`	Distinct procedural service	Use when documenting separate anatomic site or separate session for same-day procedures (duplicate entry acknowledges common applicability)

Taxonomy Code	Specialty	Notes
207Q00000X	Obstetrics & Gynecology	Gynecologic surgeons commonly perform ovarian biopsies via transvaginal or abdominal approaches
207P00000X	Gynecologic Oncology	Gynecologic oncologists perform biopsies when malignancy is suspected and guide staging/treatment decisions
208D00000X	Reproductive Endocrinology/Infertility	Reproductive specialists may perform ovarian sampling for diagnostic evaluation in select cases
207L00000X	Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery	Pelvic surgeons may perform biopsy when adnexal pathology is encountered during other procedures

Related Diagnoses

ICD-10 Code	Description	Clinical Relevance
`N83.2`	Torsion of ovary, ovarian pedicle	Tissue sampling may be considered when necrosis or uncertain adnexal mass is encountered though torsion is primarily a surgical emergency
`N83.20`	Torsion of ovary, unspecified	See above; included to capture unspecified laterality in clinical documentation
`N83.0`	Ovarian cyst, unspecified	Common indication for biopsy when imaging cannot characterize cystic adnexal masses and tissue diagnosis is needed
`N97.9`	Female infertility, unspecified	In select diagnostic evaluations of infertility, ovarian sampling may be performed to assess pathology impacting fertility
`C56.9`	Malignant neoplasm of ovary, unspecified	Suspicion for ovarian malignancy is a primary clinical reason to obtain tissue for histologic diagnosis

Related CPT Codes

CPT Code	Description	Relationship to This Procedure
`58611`	Laparoscopy, surgical; with lysis of adhesions (salpingolysis, ovariolysis)	May be performed when peritoneal access or adhesiolysis is required to reach the ovary for biopsy via abdominal/laparoscopic approach
`49000`	Biopsy of abdominal wall; superficial	May be performed for sampling superficial abdominal masses if an abdominal approach is used or to obtain alternative tissue when ovarian biopsy is contraindicated
`76942`	Ultrasonic guidance for needle placement (e.g., biopsy)	Commonly performed concurrently to provide real-time image guidance when obtaining ovarian tissue transvaginally or transabdominally
`99213`	Office or other outpatient visit for evaluation and management, established patient, low to moderate complexity	Typical pre-procedure evaluation and post-procedure follow-up visit coding for outpatient biopsy workflow
`88305`	Level IV surgical pathology, gross and microscopic examination	Typical pathology CPT code billed by the laboratory for processing and histologic interpretation of ovarian biopsy specimens

CPT 58920: Ovarian Wedge Resection/Partial Oophorectomy

CPT-58925-OPEN-OVARIAN-CYSTECTOMY-ABDOMINAL-APPROACH

CPT 58925: Open Ovarian Cystectomy via Abdominal Incision

CPT-58940-OOPHORECTOMY-OPEN-ABDOMINAL

CPT 58940: Oophorectomy, Open Abdominal

CPT-58943-OOPHORECTOMY-ABDOMINAL-APPROACH-OVARIAN-CANCER-STAGING

CPT 58943: Abdominal Oophorectomy with Staging

CPT-58950-DEBULKING-OVARIAN-TUBAL-PERITONEAL-MALIGNANCY-OPEN-ABDOMINAL

CPT 58950: Open Abdominal Debulking for Ovarian/Tubal/Peritoneal Malignancy

CPT-58951-CYTOREDUCTIVE-SURGERY-OVARIAN-TUBAL-PERITONEAL-MALIGNANCY

CPT 58951: Cytoreductive Abdominal Surgery for Ovarian/Tubal/Peritoneal Malignancy

CPT-58952-RADICAL-DEBULKING-OVARIAN-TUBAL-PERITONEAL-MALIGNANCY

CPT 58952: Radical Debulking for Ovarian, Tubal, or Peritoneal Malignancy

CPT-58953-HYSTERECTOMY-BILATERAL-SALPINGO-OOPHORECTOMY-OMENTECTOMY-WITH-RADICAL-TUMOR-EXCISION

CPT 58953: Hysterectomy with Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectomy, Omentectomy, and Radical Tumor Excision

CPT-58954-RADICAL-ABDOMINAL-GYNECOLOGIC-ONCOLOGIC-RESECTION

CPT 58954: Radical Abdominal Gynecologic Oncologic Resection

CPT-58956-ABDOMINAL-HYSTERECTOMY-BILATERAL-SALPINGO-OOPHORECTOMY-OMENTECTOMY

CPT 58956: Abdominal Hysterectomy with Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectomy and Omentectomy

Showing 1–10 of 12

References

1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.

Published by

Trek Health powers OpenPayer with a leading commercial payer intelligence platform, seamlessly converting fragmented payer data into actionable insights for provider organizations.

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CPT 58900: Ovarian Biopsy via Vaginal or Abdominal Approach

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Billing Code Overview

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CPT 58900: Ovarian Biopsy via Vaginal or Abdominal Approach

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Billing Code Overview

Clinical & Coding Specifications

Clinical Context

Coding Specifications

Related Diagnoses

Related CPT Codes

Related Codes

References

Clinical & Coding Specifications

Clinical Context

Coding Specifications

Related Diagnoses

Related CPT Codes

Related Codes

References