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    OpenPayerBilling CodesRepair Procedures on the VaginaCPT cpt-57289-cystocele-and-stress-urinary-incontinence-vaginal-repair
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    CPT 57289: Vaginal Repair for Cystocele and Stress Urinary Incontinence

    Medicare pays $710 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 57289 describes a combined vaginal wall repair procedure that addresses both a cystocele (anterior vaginal wall prolapse) and stress urinary incontinence by repairing the vaginal wall through a vaginal incision; the service is a surgical pelvic reconstructive procedure typically performed in an operating room or ambulatory surgery center via a transvaginal approach.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Prolonged Services for Labor Management, Prolonged Services for Labor Management, Cervical Cancer Screening.

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    Table of contents

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A typical patient is a postmenopausal or multiparous woman presenting with symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse characterized by anterior vaginal wall descent (cystocele) and concomitant stress urinary incontinence. She reports urinary leakage with cough, sneeze, or exertion and pelvic pressure or a vaginal bulge that interferes with activity. Prior conservative measures (pelvic floor physical therapy, pessary) were attempted or are declined.

    Preoperative evaluation includes a focused history and pelvic exam with POP-Q assessment, urinalysis to rule out infection, post-void residual measurement, and counseling regarding risks and benefits. Shared decision-making determines a vaginal approach; the surgical team schedules a transvaginal anterior repair with an anti-incontinence procedure through the vaginal incision. The patient receives general or regional anesthesia and perioperative antibiotics per facility protocol. Intraoperative steps include anterior vaginal wall incision, dissection of the vesicovaginal space, removal of redundant vaginal mucosa, plication of pubocervical fascia to reduce the cystocele, and a concomitant procedure to address stress urinary incontinence (such as a sling or midurethral support inserted through the same incision if applicable). Hemostasis is secured and the vaginal epithelium is closed.

    Postoperative workflow includes routine PACU recovery, analgesia, voiding trial prior to discharge, and instructions on activity restrictions, wound care, and follow-up for suture removal and evaluation of continence and anatomic result. Complication surveillance includes monitoring for urinary retention, urinary tract infection, wound separation, and persistent or recurrent prolapse or incontinence.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    57240Repair of enterocele, vaginal approachPerformed when posterior compartment defects such as enterocele are addressed in the same session.
    57260Colpocleisis, partial or completeAlternative vaginal procedure for pelvic organ prolapse in patients not desiring future vaginal intercourse.
    57288Repair of cystocele with graft or mesh, vaginal approachUsed when a graft or mesh augmentation is performed for anterior compartment support instead of native tissue repair.
    51990Insertion of pelvic floor neurostimulator lead(s) (Note: not directly related)Data not available in the input.
    57289(Subject procedure) Repair of cystocele and stress urinary incontinence via vaginal incisionPrimary code describing combined anterior vaginal wall repair with anti-incontinence procedure through a vaginal incision.

    Related Modifiers

    8 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    22Modifier –22 (Increased Procedural Services) is used when a reported procedure is substantially more extensive than normally required. The CPT Manual and CMS state it may be appended only when the…- When to use: Append modifier -22 to a procedural CPT code when the service performed is substantially more extensive than the usual service described by that code — i.e., the procedure required…
    51Modifier –51 (Multiple Procedures) is used when the same provider performs multiple procedures in the same session to identify secondary, non‑exempt procedures and indicate payment reduction logic…- Use modifier -51 when the same provider performs multiple distinct procedures during the same patient encounter: report the highest‑valued procedure first (no modifier) and append -51 to…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…
    63Modifier‑63 is appended to surgical CPT codes (20000–69990) when a procedure is performed on a neonate or infant weighing ≤ 4 kg (about 8.8 lbs). The AMA/AAPC definition specifies this use and notes…- Use modifier -63 only for surgical procedures in the CPT 20000–69990 series performed on a neonate or infant who weighs ≤ 4 kg at the time of the procedure; it indicates increased complexity due to…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…
    79Modifier 79 indicates a surgical procedure performed during the postoperative global period of a prior surgery that is unrelated to the original procedure. Per AMA/CPT and CMS guidance, it is…- Use modifier 79 when the same physician (or same‑specialty physician in the same group) performs a surgical procedure during the postoperative global period of a prior surgery and the new procedure…

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy CodeSpecialtyNotes
    261QR0400XRehabilitation Clinic/CenterAmbulatory Health Care Facilities · Clinic/Center
    207RH0000XHematology (Internal Medicine) PhysicianAn internist with additional training who specializes in diseases of the blood, spleen and lymph. This specialist treats conditions such as anemia, cl…
    207K00000XAllergy & Immunology PhysicianAn allergist-immunologist is trained in evaluation, physical and laboratory diagnosis, and management of disorders involving the immune system. Select…
    2084P0802XAddiction Psychiatry PhysicianAddiction Psychiatry is a subspecialty of psychiatry that focuses on evaluation and treatment of individuals with alcohol, drug, or other substance-re…
    163WX1500XOstomy Care Registered NurseNursing Service Providers · Registered Nurse
    246R00000XPathology TechnicianAn individual with knowledge of specific techniques and instruments who performs all of the routine tests in a medical laboratory and who has the abil…
    207W00000XOphthalmology PhysicianAn ophthalmologist has the knowledge and professional skills needed to provide comprehensive eye and vision care. Ophthalmologists are medically train…
    246YC3301XHospital Based Coding SpecialistNone

    Related ICD-10-CM Codes

    22 rows

    ICD-10-CM CodeDescription
    E66.9Obesity, unspecified
    F52.21Male erectile disorder
    K58.9Irritable bowel syndrome, unspecified
    N39.3Stress incontinence (female) (male)
    N39.41Urge incontinence
    N39.44Nocturnal enuresis
    N39.46Mixed incontinence
    N76.0Acute vaginitis
    N76.1Subacute and chronic vaginitis
    N76.2Acute vulvitis

    Showing 1–10 of 22

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Obstetrics/Gynecology1 / 3

    8 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Prolonged Services for Labor ManagementPremera Bluecross2027-01-01
    Prolonged Services for Labor ManagementPremera Bluecross2027-01-01
    Cervical Cancer ScreeningOscar Health2026-10-01
    Prenatal Testing for Fetal AneuploidyOscar Health2026-10-01
    Diagnosis of VaginitisOscar Health2026-10-01
    Prenatal Screening (Nongenetic)Oscar Health2026-10-01
    View PDF of Maternal Serum Biomarkers for Prediction of Adverse Obstetric Outcomes, Effective 10/1/2026 in MedicalBlue Cross Blue Shield - Rhode Island2026-10-01
    Maternal Serum Testing for Prediction of Adverse Obstetric OutcomesBluecross Idaho2026-09-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-57200-VAGINAL-WALL-LACERATION-REPAIR

    CPT 57200: Vaginal Wall Laceration Repair, Nonobstetric

    CPT-57210-VAGINAL-PERINEAL-LACERATION-REPAIR-NONOBSTETRIC

    CPT 57210: Repair of Vaginal Wall or Perineal Laceration (Nonobstetric)

    CPT-57220-URETHRAL-REDUCTION-AND-SUPPORT-SURGERY

    CPT 57220: Urethral Reduction and Support Procedure

    CPT-57230-URETHROCELE-REPAIR-URETHRAL-PROLAPSE-REPAIR

    CPT 57230: Urethrocele Repair (Vaginal Urethral Repair)

    CPT-57240-ANTERIOR-VAGINAL-WALL-REPAIR-CYSTOCELE

    CPT 57240: Vaginal Repair of Cystocele

    CPT-57250-RECTOCELE-REPAIR-POSTERIOR-VAGINAL-WALL-REPAIR

    CPT 57250: Repair of Rectocele with Perineorrhaphy

    CPT-57260-VAGINAL-REPAIR-BLADDER-RECTUM-PROLAPSE

    CPT 57260: Vaginal Repair for Bladder and Rectal Prolapse

    CPT-57265-VAGINAL-REPAIR-PELVIC-ORGAN-PROLAPSE-ENTEROCELE

    CPT 57265: Vaginal Repair of Enterocele and Vaginal Wall Defects

    CPT-57267-VAGINAL-PROSTHETIC-GRAFT-ANTERIOR-POSTERIOR-VAGINAL-WALL

    CPT 57267: Vaginal Prosthetic Graft Placement, Anterior/Posterior

    CPT-57268-VAGINAL-REPAIR-SMALL-BOWEL-PROLAPSE

    CPT 57268: Vaginal Repair of Enterocele (Small Bowel Prolapse)

    Showing 1–10 of 31

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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