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CPT 36578: Partial Replacement of Catheter Components for Port/Pump

CPT code 36578 denotes the partial replacement of catheter components associated with an implanted port or pump due to blockage, damage, or malfunction. This targeted procedure preserves the port or pump while replacing only the defective catheter elements, reducing procedural complexity and recovery time compared with full device replacement. The code is relevant across hospital outpatient departments and ambulatory surgical centers and is commonly used in oncology, infusion therapy, and vascular access management.

Key payers addressed in this analysis include Aetna, Blue Cross Blue Shield, Cigna Health, UnitedHealthcare, and Medicare. Readers will find a concise national overview of clinical context, typical sites of service, common procedural considerations, and payer coverage themes. The publication summarizes benchmark payment levels where available, highlights coding and billing considerations tied to partial catheter revisions, and outlines areas where policy updates or payer-specific rules commonly affect claims processing.

This summary is intended to inform clinical administrators, billing professionals, and policy analysts about the clinical role of CPT code 36578, expected care settings, and the types of payer guidance that most often impact utilization and reimbursement. Data not available in the input are noted where applicable in detailed sections.

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Billing Code Overview

CPT code 36578 describes the partial replacement of catheter components associated with an implanted port or pump performed when catheter components are blocked, damaged, or malfunctioning. This procedure involves replacing only the catheter elements that are defective while preserving the existing port or pump when feasible.

Service type: Partial catheter component replacement for implanted venous access devices
Typical site of service: Hospital outpatient department or ambulatory surgical center where minor invasive vascular procedures and device revisions are performed

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CPT 36578: Partial Replacement of Catheter Components for Port/Pump

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Billing Code Overview

Service type: Partial catheter component replacement for implanted venous access devices
Typical site of service: Hospital outpatient department or ambulatory surgical center where minor invasive vascular procedures and device revisions are performed

Clinical & Coding Specifications

Clinical Context

A 58-year-old patient with metastatic colorectal cancer presents to the outpatient interventional radiology clinic with a history of an implanted infusion port and percutaneous catheter used for long-term chemotherapy. Over the preceding week the patient reports difficulty flushing and drawing blood from the port; on examination the port reservoir flushes with resistance and aspiration yields minimal return. Imaging (portogram or fluoroscopy) demonstrates partial occlusion of the catheter segment with suspected fibrin sheath and localized catheter tip damage from previous manipulation. The interventional team schedules a same‑day procedure to perform a partial catheter component replacement of the port system under fluoroscopic guidance.

The clinical workflow includes pre-procedure evaluation (consent, review of indications, coagulation status), sterile preparation and local anesthesia with possible moderate sedation, antiseptic access to the port reservoir, disconnection of the damaged external catheter segment, introduction of guidewire if needed, replacement of the catheter portion and secure reconnection to the existing port/pump, confirmation of catheter patency and position under fluoroscopy, wound care and post-procedure monitoring. The typical site of service is an outpatient ambulatory surgery center or hospital-based interventional radiology suite. The service type is a surgical/interventional procedure involving partial replacement of catheter components associated with an implanted port/pump due to blockage, damage, or malfunction.

Coding Specifications

Modifier	Description	When to Use
`00`	No modifier — standard reporting	Use when no specific circumstance modifier applies.
`11`	Office or other outpatient service with usual complexity	Use when the service was provided in an outpatient clinic or same‑day surgery with routine complexity.
`22`	Increased procedural services	Use when the procedure required substantially greater work than typical (e.g., difficult catheter retrieval/replacement due to extensive scar tissue).
`23`	Unusual anesthesia	Use when general anesthesia is required for medically necessary reasons instead of local/regional anesthesia.
`26`	Professional component	Use when billing only the physician professional component separate from technical facility resources — rare for this global interventional procedure.
`52`	Reduced services	Use when the procedure is partially reduced or not completed as planned (for example, attempted replacement but aborted).
`53`	Discontinued procedure	Use when the procedure is terminated due to patient medical reasons or complications prior to completion.
`62`	Two surgeons	Use when more than one surgeon of different specialties actively performs a portion of the procedure.
`78`	Unplanned return to OR for related procedure during postoperative period	Use if the patient returns urgently to the operating room for a related problem after the initial catheter component replacement.
`80`	Assistant surgeon	Use when a surgical assistant is an integral provider during the procedure.
`81`	Minimum assistant surgeon	Use when a qualified physician assistant or resident provides minimal assistance.

Taxonomy Code	Specialty	Notes
2084P0801X	Interventional Radiology	Commonly performs port and catheter component revisions under fluoroscopy.
207P00000X	Surgical Oncology	Frequently manages implanted ports for chemotherapy patients and may perform revisions.
207T00000X	Thoracic Surgery	May be involved when catheter tunneling or venous access in the chest requires surgical expertise.
208000000X	Vascular Surgery	Performs catheter and port salvage, replacement or explantation when vascular issues are present.
208D00000X	General Surgery	Often performs port placements and component revisions in both inpatient and outpatient settings.

Related Diagnoses

ICD-10 Code	Description	Clinical Relevance
Data not available in the input.

Related CPT Codes

CPT Code	Description	Relationship to This Procedure
`36578`	Replacement, subcutaneous infusion port and catheter; partial (eg, catheter only)	This is the primary code for partial replacement of catheter components associated with an implanted port/pump for blockage, damage, or malfunction.
`36561`	Insertion of tunneled centrally inserted central venous catheter, without subcutaneous port or pump, age 5 years or older	Performed when a decision is made to replace the port system with a tunneled catheter instead of component repair.
`36556`	Insertion of non-tunneled centrally inserted central venous catheter; age 5 years or older	May be used for temporary central access if the port is nonfunctional and immediate access is required prior to definitive replacement.
`36583`	Removal of implantable venous access port or pump	Performed when the entire port/pump system must be explanted rather than partially replaced.
`36589`	Replacement, subcutaneous infusion port and catheter; complete (eg, pump and catheter)	Used when the entire port and catheter assembly are replaced rather than only the catheter component.
`76937`	Ultrasound guidance for vascular access requiring imaging documentation	Often billed for ultrasound guidance during vascular access or catheter localization when ultrasound is used adjunctively in the replacement procedure.

References

1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.

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Trek Health ingests and normalizes Transparency in Coverage data and payer policy updates to give provider organizations a clear view of how commercial reimbursement behaves across markets, payers, and services. Our platform transforms raw payer disclosures into structured intelligence that supports contract evaluation, payer negotiations, and service line strategy. By combining market benchmarks with ongoing policy visibility, Trek helps teams identify variability, risk, and opportunity in commercial reimbursement. The result is faster insight, stronger negotiating positions, and more informed financial decisions.

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Clinical & Coding Specifications

Clinical Context

Coding Specifications

Modifier	Description	When to Use
`00`	No modifier — standard reporting	Use when no specific circumstance modifier applies.
`11`	Office or other outpatient service with usual complexity	Use when the service was provided in an outpatient clinic or same‑day surgery with routine complexity.
`22`	Increased procedural services	Use when the procedure required substantially greater work than typical (e.g., difficult catheter retrieval/replacement due to extensive scar tissue).
`23`	Unusual anesthesia	Use when general anesthesia is required for medically necessary reasons instead of local/regional anesthesia.
`26`	Professional component	Use when billing only the physician professional component separate from technical facility resources — rare for this global interventional procedure.
`52`	Reduced services	Use when the procedure is partially reduced or not completed as planned (for example, attempted replacement but aborted).
`53`	Discontinued procedure	Use when the procedure is terminated due to patient medical reasons or complications prior to completion.
`62`	Two surgeons	Use when more than one surgeon of different specialties actively performs a portion of the procedure.
`78`	Unplanned return to OR for related procedure during postoperative period	Use if the patient returns urgently to the operating room for a related problem after the initial catheter component replacement.
`80`	Assistant surgeon	Use when a surgical assistant is an integral provider during the procedure.
`81`	Minimum assistant surgeon	Use when a qualified physician assistant or resident provides minimal assistance.

Taxonomy Code	Specialty	Notes
2084P0801X	Interventional Radiology	Commonly performs port and catheter component revisions under fluoroscopy.
207P00000X	Surgical Oncology	Frequently manages implanted ports for chemotherapy patients and may perform revisions.
207T00000X	Thoracic Surgery	May be involved when catheter tunneling or venous access in the chest requires surgical expertise.
208000000X	Vascular Surgery	Performs catheter and port salvage, replacement or explantation when vascular issues are present.
208D00000X	General Surgery	Often performs port placements and component revisions in both inpatient and outpatient settings.

Related Diagnoses

ICD-10 Code	Description	Clinical Relevance
Data not available in the input.

Related CPT Codes

CPT Code	Description	Relationship to This Procedure
`36578`	Replacement, subcutaneous infusion port and catheter; partial (eg, catheter only)	This is the primary code for partial replacement of catheter components associated with an implanted port/pump for blockage, damage, or malfunction.
`36561`	Insertion of tunneled centrally inserted central venous catheter, without subcutaneous port or pump, age 5 years or older	Performed when a decision is made to replace the port system with a tunneled catheter instead of component repair.
`36556`	Insertion of non-tunneled centrally inserted central venous catheter; age 5 years or older	May be used for temporary central access if the port is nonfunctional and immediate access is required prior to definitive replacement.
`36583`	Removal of implantable venous access port or pump	Performed when the entire port/pump system must be explanted rather than partially replaced.
`36589`	Replacement, subcutaneous infusion port and catheter; complete (eg, pump and catheter)	Used when the entire port and catheter assembly are replaced rather than only the catheter component.
`76937`	Ultrasound guidance for vascular access requiring imaging documentation	Often billed for ultrasound guidance during vascular access or catheter localization when ultrasound is used adjunctively in the replacement procedure.

References

1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.

Published by

Trek Health powers OpenPayer with a leading commercial payer intelligence platform, seamlessly converting fragmented payer data into actionable insights for provider organizations.