CPT code 0397T denotes an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) performed with optical endomicroscopy (confocal laser endomicroscopy) to obtain high-resolution, pathology-quality images of the gallbladder, pancreas, and bile ducts. The code captures the use of in vivo microscopic imaging as an adjunct to ERCP, supporting more detailed assessment of biliary and pancreatic ductal mucosa than standard endoscopy. Nationally, this technology matters for diagnostic precision in complex hepatobiliary and pancreatic disease and for decision-making about targeted biopsy or therapy.

Key payers covered in this analysis include Aetna, Blue Cross Blue Shield, Cigna Health, UnitedHealthcare, and Medicare. Readers will find a concise overview of clinical context, common billing modifiers, typical sites of service, and payer coverage considerations. The publication summarizes where 0397T fits within endoscopic service lines, outlines procedural intent and expected clinical applications, and highlights areas where payers commonly evaluate medical necessity. Data not available in the input is noted when relevant. This resource is intended to inform billing, coding, and payer strategy conversations at a national level without state-specific guidance.