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    v1.0.30
    OpenPayerBilling CodesDiseases and Disorders of the Kidney and Urinary TractDRG 652-kidney-transplant
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    Kidney Transplant: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    DRG 652 encompasses inpatient kidney transplant procedures and related perioperative care, defining the clinical scope for payment grouping. This matters for inpatient reimbursement because the Diagnosis-Related Group assignment determines Medicare payment levels based on the procedure, resource intensity, and documented comorbidities.

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    DRG 652 Overview

    DRG 652 covers inpatient hospitalizations for kidney transplant procedures, including primary renal allograft implantation and associated perioperative care. This Diagnosis-Related Group groups cases by the surgical procedure and clinical complexity to determine Medicare inpatient payment. It matters for Medicare payment because the classification influences reimbursement rates tied to resource use, length of stay, and comorbid conditions. Accurate coding and documentation of the transplant and any complications directly affect the assigned Diagnosis-Related Group and payment determination.

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    Clinical Trials

    • Studies evaluating perioperative immunosuppression protocols and induction strategies for kidney transplant recipients, comparing different initiation timing, dosing strategies, or classes of immunosuppressive agents in the immediate perioperative period. These trials enroll adult and pediatric patients undergoing primary or repeat kidney transplantation and aim to measure early graft function, rates of acute rejection, and infection complications within the first 3–12 months after transplant. Findings are directly relevant to transplant centers and payers because choice and timing of immunosuppression affect short-term resource use (ICU stays, readmissions for rejection or infection), drug costs, and downstream graft survival which influences long-term cost and quality outcomes.
    • Comparative effectiveness trials of surgical and perioperative management approaches, such as minimally invasive donor nephrectomy techniques, cold ischemia time reduction strategies, or enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols for recipients. These studies include living- and deceased-donor transplants and focus on intraoperative practices, preservation methods, and immediate postoperative care to reduce delayed graft function, surgical complications, and length of stay. Results inform hospitals and payers about interventions that may lower operative morbidity, shorten hospitalization, and reduce short-term costs and complications associated with the DRG.
    • Longitudinal outcomes and health-services research following discharged kidney transplant patients to assess long-term graft survival, adherence to immunosuppression, cardiovascular and infectious complications, and cost-effectiveness of surveillance strategies. These cohort studies or pragmatic trials enroll transplant recipients during the post-discharge phase and evaluate monitoring frequency, telemedicine follow-up, or interventions to improve medication adherence and manage comorbidities over years. This research is important to providers and payers because long-term complications drive readmissions, outpatient resource utilization, and overall lifetime costs tied to the initial transplant episode represented by this DRG.

    Related Codes

    650-KIDNEY-TRANSPLANT-WITH-HEMODIALYSIS-WITH-MCC

    Kidney Transplant with Hemodialysis with Major Complication or Comorbidity: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    651-KIDNEY-TRANSPLANT-WITH-HEMODIALYSIS-WITHOUT-MCC

    Kidney Transplant with Hemodialysis without MCC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    653-MAJOR-BLADDER-PROCEDURES-WITH-MCC

    Major Bladder Procedures with MCC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    654-MAJOR-BLADDER-PROCEDURES-WITH-CC

    Major Bladder Procedures with CC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    655-MAJOR-BLADDER-PROCEDURES-WITHOUT-CC-MCC

    Major Bladder Procedures without CC/MCC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    656-KIDNEY-AND-URETER-PROCEDURES-FOR-NEOPLASM-WITH-MCC

    Kidney and Ureter Procedures for Neoplasm with MCC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    657-KIDNEY-AND-URETER-PROCEDURES-FOR-NEOPLASM-WITH-CC

    Kidney and Ureter Procedures for Neoplasm with CC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    658-KIDNEY-AND-URETER-PROCEDURES-FOR-NEOPLASM-WITHOUT-CC-MCC

    Kidney and Ureter Procedures for Neoplasm without CC/MCC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    659-KIDNEY-AND-URETER-PROCEDURES-FOR-NON-NEOPLASM-WITH-MCC

    Kidney and Ureter Procedures for Non-Neoplasm with MCC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    660-KIDNEY-AND-URETER-PROCEDURES-FOR-NON-NEOPLASM-WITH-CC

    Kidney and Ureter Procedures for Non-Neoplasm with CC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    Showing 1–10 of 41

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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